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Voldemort'sWand
03-02-2003, 04:16 PM
Having trouble deciding if you can use a picture? Here is some information about copyright law. If you don't want to be bored with the details, skip down to Legolas'Bow's "Can I use this picture?" (http://www.council-of-elrond.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&postid=177576#post177576)

Copyright laws vary from country to country, but since the owner of this board lives in the United States, I will focus on the laws of the U. S.

The United States Library of Congress Copyright Office has a wonderfully detailed overview (http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#107) of U. S. copyright law. But rather than have you read it all, I will point you to the section that applies to using pictures here at Council-of-Elrond.

A copyright allows the creator of a work, or an agent that creator has chosen to license, full rights to redistribute his/her work. If this was all that copyright law said, we wouldn’t be able to use ANY pictures! But there is a provision in Title 17, section 107 that provides limitations for copyright protection. This is called ”Fair Use” (http://www.copyright.gov/fls/fl102.html). Fair use allows regular folks like us to use the work of another entity for redistribution provided it fits within certain guidelines.

Section 107 contains a list of the various purposes for which the reproduction of a particular work may be considered “fair,” such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Section 107 also sets out four factors to be considered in determining whether or not a particular use is fair:
1. The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes
2. The nature of the copyrighted work
3. Amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole
4. The effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.

The distinction between “fair use” and infringement may be unclear and not easily defined. There is no specific number of words, lines, or notes that may safely be taken without permission. Acknowledging the source of the copyrighted material does not substitute for obtaining permission.

Words of Wisdom from the Copyright Office web site

“The safest course is always to get permission from the copyright owner before using copyrighted material.” Of course, we would inundate New Line with requests and they probably wouldn’t respond.

”When it is impracticable to obtain permission, use of copyrighted material should be avoided unless the doctrine of “fair use” would clearly apply to the situation.” The admins and mods of the board will use our best judgement to determine if a particular picture will protect us from copyright infringement under the “fair use” limitation.

So, you still don’t know if you can use a picture based on all of that information? Continue on to Legolas’Bow’s “Can I use this picture?” (http://www.council-of-elrond.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&postid=177576#post177576)

Voldemort'sWand
03-02-2003, 04:20 PM
Even though the following questions focus on the use of pictures at Council-of-Elrond, the same criteria applies for all digital files, including, but not limited to, video and audio files as well.

1. What purpose am I using the picture for?

This question is important to fair use limitation in that fair use does not include using a picture to resell it for your own profit without cutting the creator in. Since this site is for educational/informational purposes and we don’t make any money off selling the pictures, we have this first question covered. GO TO QUESTION 2.

2. Is this picture licensed?

That means the creator of the picture gave a distributor permission to reproduce it so it could be sold. If you obtained an illegal copy of the picture from someone who leaked it without the permission of the creator, you cannot post that picture here. If, however you got the picture from someone who acquired it from a licensed distributor (like you bought the movie on DVD and took screen caps, or you purchased a book and scanned a picture) then you can GO TO QUESTION 3.

3. How much of the total work am I reproducing? This is important to determine how the redistribution would financially impact the creator. For example, if we reproduced the entire Two Towers in screen shots, there is a possibility that some people would just come here instead of buying the movie to watch. If we made available all of the tracks from the soundtrack CD in mp3 format, people would download them here instead of buying the CD. If we reproduced all of the pages of the visual companion, people would just download it here instead of buying the book. All of these actions would impact the profits of the creator of the work or the licensee that owns rights to redistribute it.

So, we need to consider how a portion of a work you are going to reproduce will affect the profitability of the work itself. One scan from the visual companion will not cause people not to buy it, nor will one screenshot from the DVD keep people from buying it. Mods and admins will use our best judgement when deciding if too much of a work is represented. GO TO QUESTION 4.

4. What is the nature of the use? We want to provide pictures for people to look at and enjoy! If instead, you try to redistribute pictures for any other purpose, that will not be allowed. For example, if you provide scans of the pictures in a calendar for people to see, that is a little different than if you provide scans of the entire calendar, so people could print them out. In that case, we would be providing the means for them to have the calendar but avoid paying for it. Similarly, if we provided images of an entire deck of cards from a role playing game, that would give people the means to print out the pieces of the game rather than buying it. This is why you will not see a gallery of all Decipher card images here. That would infringe on the profitability of their role playing games.

If you have any doubts or need clarification, PM a mod or admin and we will help you decide if a picture can be used. If a mod or admin removes a picture from one of your posts, we will provide you with an explanation of why the picture is not protected under the fair use limitation.

Now, go forth, and post legal pictures!